<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">corrosionprotection</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Практика противокоррозионной защиты</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theory and Practice of Corrosion Protection</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-5738</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6797</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association "CARTEC"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31615/j.corros.prot.2024.114.4-1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">corrosionprotection-135</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ДЛЯ ПРОТИВОКОРРОЗИОННОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT FOR  CORROSION PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Противокоррозионные Zr-содержащие золь-гель покрытия на  алюминиевом сплаве АМг6</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anticorrosive Zr-containing Sol-gel Сoatings on AA5056 Aluminum Alloy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шлома</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shloma</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Шлома Оксана Александровна - аспирант</p><p> 125047, г. Москва, Миусская площадь, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Oksana A. Shloma - graduate student</p><p>9, Miusskaya square, Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрашов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abrashov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Абрашов Алексей Александрович - к.т.н., доцент</p><p> 125047, г. Москва, Миусская площадь, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Abrashov - Ph.D. in Technical Sciences, associate Professor</p><p>9, Miusskaya square, Moscow, 125047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abrashov.a.a@muctr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Гаврилова Наталья Николаевна - д.х.н., доцент</p><p> 125047, г. Москва, Миусская площадь, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Natalia N. Gavrilova, Doctor of Chemistry, associate Professor </p><p>9, Miusskaya square, Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Жилина Ольга Викторовна - к.х.н., доцент</p><p> 125047, г. Москва, Миусская площадь, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Zhilina - Ph.D. in Chemistry, associate Professor</p><p>9, Miusskaya square, Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорян</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryan</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Григорян Неля Сетраковна - к.х.н., доцент</p><p> 125047, г. Москва, Миусская площадь, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelya S. Grigoryan - Ph.D. in Chemistry, associate Professor</p><p>9, Miusskaya square, Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Новиков Егор Владимирович - студент</p><p> 125047, г. Москва, Миусская площадь, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Egor V. Novikov - student</p><p>9, Miusskaya square, Moscow, 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева (РХТУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Тесhnоlоgy of Russia (MUCTR)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева (РХТУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Тесhnоlоgy of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шлома О.А., Абрашов А.А., Гаврилова Н.Н., Жилина О.В., Григорян Н.С., Новиков Е.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шлома О.А., Абрашов А.А., Гаврилова Н.Н., Жилина О.В., Григорян Н.С., Новиков Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shloma O.A., Abrashov A.A., Gavrilova N.N., Zhilina O.V., Grigoryan N.S., Novikov E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.corrosion-protection.ru/jour/article/view/135">https://www.corrosion-protection.ru/jour/article/view/135</self-uri><abstract><p>Из-за высокой токсичности растворов хроматирования, в состав которых входят высокотоксичные соединения шестивалентного хрома, и формирующихся в них конверсионных покрытий, в большинстве стран приняты законы, ограничивающие или полностью запрещающие использование соединений Cr(VI) в продукции машиностроения и электроники. Настоящая публикация посвящена разработке процесса нанесения защитного золь-гель цирконийсодержащего покрытия на поверхность алюминиевого сплава АМг6. Проведена оптимизация параметров процесса для осаждения функционального золь-гель покрытия, исследованы физико-химические и механические свойства покрытия, которое могло бы стать альтернативой токсичным хроматным покрытиям. В процессе работы было установлено, что Zr-содержащее золь-гель покрытие сопоставимо по стойкости к истиранию с хроматными пленками. Результаты поляризационных измерений показали, что нанесение многослойного золь-гель покрытия улучшает его защитную способность. Увеличение защитной способности также подтверждено экспозицией в камере соляного тумана. Время до появления первых признаков коррозии составляет 435 ч.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to the high toxicity of chromating solutions, which include highly toxic hexavalent chromium compounds, and the conversion coatings formed in them, laws have been adopted in most countries restricting or completely prohibiting the use of Cr(VI) compounds in mechanical engineering and electronics products. This publication is devoted to the development of the process of applying a protective sol-gel zirconiumcontaining coating to the surface of the aluminum alloy AA5056. The optimization of the process parameters for the deposition of a functional sol-gel coating was carried out, the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the coating, which could become an alternative to toxic chromate coatings, were investigated. During the work, it was found that the Zr-containing sol-gel coating is comparable in abrasion resistance to chromate films. The results of polarization measurements showed that the application of a multilayer sol-gel coating improves its protective ability. The increase in protective ability is also confirmed by exposure in the salt mist chamber. The time until the first signs of corrosion appear is 435 hours.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>золь-гель покрытия</kwd><kwd>износостойкость</kwd><kwd>Zr-содержащие покрытия</kwd><kwd>защита от коррозии</kwd><kwd>метод погружения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sol-gel coatings</kwd><kwd>wear resistance</kwd><kwd>Zr-containing coatings</kwd><kwd>corrosion protection</kwd><kwd>dip-coating</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kendig M.W., Buchheit R.G. Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminium and Aluminum Al loys by Soluble Chromates, Chromate Coat ings, and Chromate-Free Coatings // Corro sion. − 2003. − Vol. 59, No 5. − P. 379-399. doi:10.5006/1.3277570</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kendig, M. W., Buchheit, R. G. (2003). Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminium and Alumi num Alloys by Soluble Chromates, Chromate Coatings, and Chromate-Free Coatings. Cor rosion, 59(5), 379-399. doi:10.5006/1.3277570</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gheytani S., Liang Y., Jing Y., Xu J. Q., et al. Chromate conversion coated aluminium as a light-weight and corrosion-resistant curg rent collector for aqueous lithium-ion batteries // Journal of Materials Chemistry A. − 2016. − Vol. 4, No 2 − P. 395-399.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gheytani, S., Liang, Y., Jing, Y., Xu, J. Q., et al. (2016). Chromate conversion coated aluminium as a light-weight and corrosion-re sistant current collector for aqueous lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Materials Chemistry A.,4(2), 395-399.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Илларионова А.А. Алюминиевые спла вы и их термообработка при использовании в строительных конструкциях // XVIII меж дународная научно-техническая Уральская школа-семинар металловедов-молодых ученых. − Екатеринбург, 2017. − № 18. − С. 302-305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilarionova, A. A. (2017). Aluminum alloys and their heat treatment when used in build ing structures. XVIII International scientific and technical Ural School-seminar of metallolo gists-young scientists, Yekaterinburg, 18, 302 305. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao J., Xia L., Sehgal A., Lu D. Effects of chromate conversion coatings on corrosion of aluminium alloy 2024-T3 // Surface and Coat ings Technology. − 2001. − Vol. 140, No 1 − P. 51-57. doi:10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01003-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao, J., Xia, L., Sehgal, A., Lu, D. (2001). Effects of chromate conversion coat ings on corrosion of aluminium alloy 2024-T3. Surface and Coatings Technology, 140(1), 51 57. doi:10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01003-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hughes A.E., Taylor R.J. Chromate Conversion Coatings on 2024 Al Alloy // Sur face and Interface Analysis: An Internation al Journal devoted to the development and application of techniques for the analysis of surfaces, interfaces and thin films. − 1997. − Vol. 25, No 4. − P. 223-234. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199704)25:4&lt;223::AIDSIA225&gt;3.0.CO;2-D</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hughes, A. E., Taylor, R. J. (1997). Chromate Conversion Coatings on 2024 Al Alloy, Surface and Interface Analysis: An International Journal devoted to the de velopment and application of techniques for the analysis of surfaces, interfaces and thin f ilms, 25(4), 223-234. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199704)25:4&lt;223::AIDSIA225&gt;3.0.CO;2-D</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gralak E., Szczepańska J., Winiarska K., Tylus W., Winiarski J. The effect of hexafluoro zirconic acid concentration on the formation and corrosion resistance of trivalent chromium conversion coatings on AlSi12 Cu1 (Fe) cast alloy // Journal home page for Materials Today Com munications. − 2024. − Vol. 38. − P. 108409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.108409</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gralak, E., Szczepańska, J., Winiarska, K., Tylus, W., Winiarski, J. (2024). The effect of hexafluorozirconic acid concentration on the formation and corrosion resistance of trivalent chromium conversion coatings on AlSi12 Cu1 (Fe) cast alloy. Journal home page for Materials To day Communications, 38, 108409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.108409</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verdalet-Guardiola X., Saillard R., Fori B., Duluard S., Blanc C. Comparative analysis of the anticorrosive properties of trivalent chro mium conversion coatings formed on 2024-T3 and 2024-T351 aluminium alloys // Corrosion Science. − 2020. − Vol. 167. − P. 108508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2020.108508</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verdalet-Guardiola, X., Saillard, R., Fori, B., Duluard, S., Blanc C. (2020). Comparative analysis of the anticorrosive properties of tri valent chromium conversion coatings formed on 2024-T3 and 2024-T351 aluminium alloys. Corrosion Science, 167, 108508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2020.108508</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лушина М.В., Паршин С.Г. Инноваци онные технологии антикоррозионной защи ты изделий из алюминиевых сплавов // Мор ской вестник. − 2011. − № 1(37). − С. 113-115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lushina, M. V., Parshin, S. G. (2011). In novative technologies for anti-corrosion protec tion of aluminum alloy products. Marine Bulle tin, 1(37), 113-115. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kendig M.W., Buchheit R.G. Corro sion Inhibition of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Soluble Chromates, Chromate Coatings, and Chromate-Free Coatings // Cor rosion. − 2003. − Vol. 59, No 5. − P. 379-399. doi:10.5006/1.3277570</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kendig, M. W., Buchheit, R. G. (2003). Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum and Alumi num Alloys by Soluble Chromates, Chromate Coatings, and Chromate-Free Coating. Corro sion, 59(5), 379-399. doi:10.5006/1.3277570</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jeevahan J., Chandrasekaran M., Jo seph B.G., Durairaj R.B., Mageshwaran G. Superhydrophobic surfaces: a review on fun damentals, applications, and challenges // Journal of Coatings Technology and Research. − 2018. − Vol. 15. − P. 231-250. doi:10.1007/s11998-017-0011-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jeevahan, J., Chandrasekaran, M., Jo seph, B.G., Durairaj, R.B., Mageshwaran, G. (2018). Superhydrophobic surfaces: a review on fundamentals, applications, and challenges. Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 15, 231-250. doi:10.1007/s11998-017-0011-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuznetsov Y.I., Semiletov A.M., Chirku nov A.A., Arkhipushkin I.A., Kazanskii L.P. Protecting aluminum from atmospheric corro sion via surface hydrophobization with stearic acid and trialkoxysilanes // Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A. − 2018. − Vol. 92, No 4. − P. 621-629.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov, Y. I., Semiletov, A. M., Chirku nov, A. A., Arkhipushkin, I. A., Kazanskii, L. P. (2018). Protecting aluminum from atmospher ic corrosion via surface hydrophobization with stearic acid and trialkoxysilanes. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 92(4), 621-629.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abrashov A., Grigoryan N., Korshak Y., Vagramyan T., Grafov O., Mezhuev Y. Regular ities of the Formation of a Green Superhydro phobic Protective Coating on an Aluminum Al loy after Surface Modification with Stearic Acid Solutions // Metals. − 2021. − Vol. 11, No 11. − P. 1718. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111718</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrashov, A., Grigoryan, N., Korshak, Y., Vagramyan, T., Grafov, O., Mezhuev, Y. (2021). Regularities of the Formation of a Green Superhydrophobic Protective Coating on an Aluminum Alloy after Surface Modifica tion with Stearic Acid Solutions. Metals, 11, 1718. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111718</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dehghanghadikolaei A., Ansary J., Ghoreishi R. Sol-gel process applications: A mini-review // Proceedings of the Nature Re search Society. − 2018. − Vol. 2, No 1. − P. 02008-02029.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dehghanghadikolaei, A., Ansary J., Ghoreishi R. (2018). Sol-gel process applica tions: A mini-review. Proceedings of the Nature Research Society, 2(1), 02008-02029.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zand R. Z., Verbeken K., Flexer V., Adriaens A. Effects of ceria nanoparticle con centrations on the morphology and corrosion resistance of cerium–silane hybrid coatings on electro-galvanized steel substrates // Materials Chemistry and Physics. − 2014. − Vol. 145, No 3. − P. 450-460.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zand, R. Z., Verbeken, K., Flexer, V., Adriaens, A. (2014). Effects of ceria nanoparticle concentrations on the morphology and corrosion resistance of cerium–silane hybrid coatings on electro-galvanized steel substrates. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 145(3), 450-460.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васькевич В. В., Гайшун В. Е., Ко валенко Д. Л., Сидский В. В. Защитные зо ль-гель покрытия с гидрофобными свой ствами // Проблемы физики, математики и техники. − 2011. − № 3(8). − С. 15-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaskevich, V. V., Gaishun, V. E., Kova lenko, D. L., Sidsky, V. V. (2011). Protective sol gel coatings with hydrophobic properties. Prob lems of physics, mathematics and technology, 3(8), 15-19. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гришина Е.П., Кудрякова Н.О., Ра менская Л.М. Применение золь-гель мето да для нанесения оксидно-алюминиевого покрытия на низколегированную сталь // Гальванотехника и обработка поверхности. − 2019. − Т. 27, № 2. − С. 59-68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grishina, E. P., Kudryakova, N. O., Ramenskaya, L. M. (2019). Application of the sol-gel method for applying an aluminum oxide coating to low-alloy steel. Electroplating and surface treatment, 27(2), 59-68. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guglielmi. M. Sol-Gel Coatings on Met als // Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technolo gy. − 1997. − Vol. 8. − P. 443-449.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guglielmi, M. (1997). Sol-Gel Coatings on Metals. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 8, 443-449.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nofz M. Alumina Thin Films // Hand book of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. − 2018. − P. 765-808.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nofz, M. (2018). Alumina Thin Films. Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 765-808.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dervin S., Pillai S.C. An Introduction to Sol-Gel Processing for Aerogels // Sol-Gel Ma terials for Energy, Environment and Electronic Applications. − 2017. − P. 1-22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dervin, S., Pillai, S. C. (2017). An In troduction to Sol-Gel Processing for Aerogel. Sol-Gel Materials for Energy, Environment and Electronic Applications, 1-22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang D., Bierwagen G.P. Sol-gel coatings on metals for corrosion protection // Progress in Organic Coatings. − 2009. − Vol. 64 − P. 327-338.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang, D., Bierwagen, G. P. (2009). Sol gel coatings on metals for corrosion protection. Progress in Organic Coatings, 64, 327-338.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agafonov A.V., Vinogradov A.V. Sol-gel synthesis, preparation and characterization of photoactive TiO2 with ultrasound treatment // Journal of sol-gel science and technology. − 2009. − Vol. 49, No 2. − P. 180-185.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agafonov, A. V., Vinogradov, A. V. (2009). Sol-gel synthesis, preparation and characterization of photoactive TiO2 with ul trasound treatment. Journal of sol-gel science and technology, 49(2), 180-185.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xia W., Li N., Deng B., Zheng R. et al. Corrosion behavior of a sol-gel ZrO2 pore-seal ing film prepared on a micro-arc oxidized alu minum alloy // Ceramics International. − 2019. − Vol. 45, No 8. − P. 11062-11067.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xia, W., Li, N., Deng, B., Zheng, R. et al. (2019). Corrosion behavior of a sol-gel ZrO2 pore-sealing film prepared on a micro-arc oxi dized aluminum alloy. Ceramics International, 45(8), 11062-11067.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abrashov A.A., Sundukova A.V., Zhilina O.V., Gavrilova N.N., Shloma O.A. Protective cerium-containing sol-gel coatings on hot-dip galvanized steel // International Journal of Coro rosion and Scale Inhibition. − 2023. − Vol. 12, No. 3. − P. 878-887.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrashov, A. A., Sundukova, A. V., Zhilina, O. V., Gavrilova, N. N., Shloma, O. A. (2023). Protective cerium-containing sol-gel coatings on hot-dip galvanized steel. Interna tional Journal of Corrosion and Scale Inhibi tion, 12(3), 878-887.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaszuba M., McKnight D., Connah M., McNeil-Watson F. Measurement of particle siz es in the subnanometer range using dynamic light scattering . Springer Science, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaszuba, M., McKnight, D., Connah, M., McNeil-Watson, F. (2007). Measurement of particle sizes in the subnanometer range by dynamic light scattering. Springer Science.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГОСТ 9.302-88. Единая система за щиты от коррозии и старения. Покрытия металлические и неметаллические неорга нические. Методы контроля. − Москва: Из дательство стандартов, 1990. − 40 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GOST 9.302-88. (1990). Metal and non-metal inorganic coatings. Control meth ods. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roeseler A., Korte E. Infrared Spectro scopic Ellipsometry // Handbook of Vubrational Spectroscopy. − 2006. − P. 1065-1090.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roeseler, A., Korte, E. (2006). Infra red Spectroscopic Ellipsometry. Handbook of Vubrational Spectroscopy, 1065-1090.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Швец В.А., Спесивцев Е.В., Рыхлиц кий С.В., Михайлов Н.Н. Эллипсометрия – прецизионный метод контроля тонкопле ночных структур с субнанометровым раз решением // Российские нанотехнологии. − 2009. − Т. 4, № 3-4. − C. 72-84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shvets, V. A., Spesivtsev, E. V., Rykhlit sky, S. V., Mikhailov, N. N. (2009). Ellipsometry is a precision method for monitoring thin–film structures with subnanometer resolution. Rus sian nanotechnology, 4(3-4), 72-84. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laha P., Schram T., Terryn H. Use of spectroscopic ellipsometry to study Zr/Ti films on Al // Surface and Interface Analysis: An In ternational Journal devoted to the development and application of techniques for the analysis of surfaces, interfaces and thin films. − 2002. − Vol. 34, No 1. − P. 677-680.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laha, P., Schram, T., Terryn, H. (2002). Use of spectroscopic ellipsometry to study Zr/ Ti films on Al. Surface and Interface Analysis: An International Journal devoted to the devel opment and application of techniques for the analysis of surfaces, interfaces and thin films, 34(1), 677-680.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ASTM F735-2022 Standard Test MethS od for Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plasc tics and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand Method, 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ASTM F735-2022. Standard Test Methn od for Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plasc tics and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand Method. 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шалдаев В.С., Малофеева А.Н., Давыдов А.Д. Определение скорости кор розии молибдена, рения и их сплавов в растворе хлорида натрия методом тафе левской экстраполяции // Электрохимия. − 2014. − Т. 50, № 10. − С. 1106-1110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaldaev, V. S., Malofeeva, A. N., Davydov, A. D. (2014). Determination of the corrosion rate of molybdenum, rhenium and their alloys in sodium chloride solution by Taf elian extrapolation. Electrochemistry, 50(10), 1106-1110. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCafferty E. Validation of corrosion rates measured by the Tafel extrapolation method // Corrosion Science. − 2005. − Vol. 47. − Р. 3202-3215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2005.05.046</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCafferty, E. (2005). Validation of cor rosion rates measured by the Tafel extrapolation method. Corrosion Science, 47, 3202-3215.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ASTM B117-19 Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus, 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ASTM B117-19. Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus. 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Checmanowski J. G., Szczygieł B. Ef fect of a ZrO2 coating deposited by the sol- gel method on the resistance of FeCrAl alloy in high-temperature oxidation conditions // Ma terials Chemistry and Physics. − 2013. − Vol. 139, No 2-3. − P. 944-952.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Checmanowski, J. G., Szczygieł, B. (2013). Effect of a ZrO2 coating deposited by the sol-gel method on the resistance of FeCrAl alloy in high-temperature oxidation conditions. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 139(2-3), 944-952.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евстропьев С. К., Никоноров Н. В. Жидкостные методы получения оптических наноматериалов. Учеб. пособие. – СПб: Университет ИТМО, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evstropyev, S. K., Nikonorov, N. V. (2018). Liquid methods for obtaining optical nanomaterials. Study guide. Saint Petersburg: ITMO University. (in Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
