MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT FOR CORROSION PROTECTION
It is known that organic compounds are the most effective corrosion inhibitors. The main disadvantages of their use are the high cost, as well as the fact that by their nature they can be toxic. As a result there was a need to find new safe, cheap and effective corrosion inhibitors. This list can include drugs that can act as potential inhibitors due to the presence of nitrogen, sulfur, etc. atoms in their structure. The paper examines the possibility of using the expired drug Drotaverine as a corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4. The concentration of the drug was 20…80 mg/l – Gravimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical diffusion and impedance spectroscopy were used to determine the most effective concentration of Drotaverine – 80 mg/l, which corresponded to a protective effect of 95%. All studies were conducted at room temperature. A decrease in the capacity of the double electric layer in the presence of an inhibitor indicates the adsorption of the drug components on the metal surface. The results of polarization measurements showed that Drotaverine is a mixed-type inhibitor. Analysis of the state of the metal surface by means of a scanning electron microscope after exposure to an inhibited solution allows us to judge the high protective effectiveness of Drotaverine in the highest concentration under study.
In this scientific paper, the effect of pulsed plasma treatment on the corrosion properties of structural steels (St45, 40X, 65G, SHX15) is researched. Irradiation of samples with helium and nitrogen plasma was carried out on a quasi-stationary plasma accelerator under various modes accompanied by surface melting. Corrosion resistance tests were implemented by constant immersion in a 5% NaCl solution for 7 days, control weighing was performed once every 24 hours. It is known that the corrosion properties are influenced by the surface condition: roughness, microhardness and the structure of the surface layer. During pulsed plasma processing, a strong change in these characteristics, especially roughness, is possible. In view of this, micrographs of the relief of the treated surface were additionally obtained. It was found that all steel grades are characterized by an improvement in corrosion properties, but with varying degrees of efficiency.
To protect oilfield equipment and pipelines from general and microbiological corrosion, the development of bactericide-inhibitors of complex action is required. Forming a shielding layer on the metal surface, the inhibitor isolates the surface from the aggressive environment, thereby reducing the corrosion rate. For this purpose, malonic acid (MA) monoamides were synthesized and their antimicrobial properties were studied. To determine the bactericidal properties of inhibitors in the experiment, strain 1143 of the species «Desulfovibrio desulfuricans» of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was used. These bacteria generally multiply extensively in Postgate, but the most suitable for this strain is Postgate B. At the first stage of the experiment in pre-sterilized test tubes with a volume of 20 ml, it was determined that the number of bacteria in the medium without inhibitor is n=108. For this, the diluted bacteria were kept at a temperature range of 30…32 °C for 7…14 days. Further, aqueous solutions (with a concentration of 50, 150, and 250 mg/l) prepared on the basis of MA monoamides were added to the test tubes with bacteria. The presence of SRB in the medium is determined as follows: after adding the reagent solutions to the test tubes with the Postgate B solution, they were placed in a thermostat at 30…32 °C. The bactericidal effect of the reagents on the functioning of the SRB was studied mainly by observing for 15 days and then calculating the amount of H2S formed. The formation of H2S was determined by iodometric titration of the test samples according to OST 39-234-89. Studies have shown that solutions of the synthesized MA monoamides at a concentration of 50, 100, 150 mg/l have, a 100% bactericidal effect, reducing the number of SRBs from 108 to zero, thereby showing more effective results than industrial inhibitors currently used.
Thus, MA monoamides can be recommended as bactericidal inhibitors against SRB.
The paper arranges the material of scientific articles published in Chinese national journals on microarc oxidation of magnesium alloy AZ91D, widely used and studied in China. The influence of the oxidation time, current density, duty cycle, voltage and frequency on the structure, properties and growth rate of the resulting oxide films formed in the MDO process is described. It is revealed that an increase in the values of the MDO process parameters in most cases leads to an increase of the layer growth rate, while the structure of the growing oxide film and its corrosion properties change. It is shown that the thicker the coating, the more uneven its structure, pores diameter increases, their number decreases, this leads to reduction of the corrosion resistance of the oxide film. Applied voltage has the greatest effect on the thickness and corrosion protection properties of oxide coatings. The necessity of using orthogonal testing methods for the selection of optimal MDO modes in order to obtain the most corrosion-resistant oxide coatings on magnesium alloy AZ91D is shown. Article gives the modes for obtaining microarc oxide coatings on the AZ91D alloy with high corrosion properties.
PIPELINES – CORROSION AND PROTECTION
The main forms of corrosion in the oil and gas industry are carbon dioxide corrosion, acid corrosion and erosive corrosion. Various methods for protecting pipelines in oil and other liquid media from corrosion are considered. It has been established that one of the best protection methods is a glass-enamel coating, since it has a high corrosion resistance and ensures maximum purity of the products that come into contact with it. The features of this coating are resistance to acidic and alkaline environments, mechanical stress and thermal shock. Samples with glass-enamel coating were tested under real conditions, namely: the adhesion strength of the glass-enamel coating to the steel base was studied and the chemical resistance of the glass-enamel coating on steel samples was determined.
РЕКЛАМНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ
The article is devoted to an actual problem anti-corrosion protection of metal pipelines (main, technological, downhole columns, plumes). The disadvantages and advantages of the currently existing basic methods of protecting metals from corrosion are considered.
The issues of possible negative impact of cathodic protection on the inner wall of the pipeline during transportation of corrosive products are considered. Two schemes of cathodic protection of a pipeline without an internal electrolyte and a pipeline with an internal electrolyte are presented. In the schemes, the arrows indicate the distribution of the protective current Iprotect. from anode grounding in the pipe-to-ground circuit. It is shown in scheme 2 how the current is distributed along the conductor of the 1st kind a metal wall Iprotective metal. and along the conductor of the 2nd kind electrolyte Iprotective.elektr. which leads due to electrolysis to electrocorrosion of the inner wall of the metal pipeline in the electrolyte environment under the action of an external electric field.
The authors have proposed a method for protecting pipelines subject to corrosion of the inner and outer walls, to apply a method for simultaneous anticorrosive protection of the inner and outer surfaces of metal pipelines (RF Patent No. 2533467, 30.10.2012., Boyko S.I., Petrov A.V., A method for anticorrosive protection of the inner and outer surfaces of metal pipelines by applying alternating current).
The principle of operation of anti-corrosion protection by applying alternating current is described. The essence of the influence of weak alternating current on the kinetics of the corrosion process is briefly described. The main advantages of the method in comparison with traditional methods are given.
СЕРТИФИКАЦИЯ
ISSN 2658-6797 (Online)